However, the Polish communists, led by Gomułka and Bierut, while having no intention of giving up power, were also aware of the limited support they enjoyed among the general population. The Soviet Union, now led by In December 1970, Gomułka's government scored a major political success when Poland obtained recognition by Gomułka felt proud and secure after the treaty with West Germany, his milestone political achievement. In the long run the situation was unsustainable, and on 12 December 1970 the regime unexpectedly announced substantial increases in the prices of basic foodstuffs.The protest movement spread to other cities, leading to more strikes and causing angry workers to occupy many factories.

"Solidarity was put in a golden sarcophagus and turned into a myth, which was supposed to legitimize the change of 1989. Under pressure from the continuing worker unrest, Wałęsa declared himself a supporter of workers' interests, allegedly threatened by those whom he identified as communists (such as President Jaruzelski), or elitist political liberals (such as Prime Minister Mazowiecki). The mass social advancement related to such transformations naturally affected the attitudes of millions of people, especially the young, for whom People's Poland opened the previously unavailable opportunities." After 1926 Piłsudski had no interest in so doing. Between 1945 and 1948, some 150,000 Poles were imprisoned by the Soviet authorities. The economy was largely rural, and the worldwide About a third of the total population were members of minorities, including five or six million Stachura himself thinks that historians have been too harsh in their negative judgment. Gierek consented, but in reality the authorities soon marginalized and eliminated the worker leaders from the legally existing labor structures and their places of employment. The Polish peasantry believed that it would be so much better if they owned their land and did not pay rents to a landowner. Their status became a major threat after Hitler came to power in Relations with the much larger Ukrainian minority, who formed 15% or so of the national population and were in the majority in several eastern provinces, were even more strained. On 1 August, prices were freed because of the ongoing market reforms and Mazowiecki's government, forced to deal quickly with galloping hyperinflation, soon adopted The striking electoral victory of Solidarity candidates in the limited elections, and the subsequent formation of the first non-communist government in the region in decades, encouraged many similar peaceful transitions from communist party rule in Wałęsa, president of the Solidarity trade union, demanded early presidential elections. The February The Polish opposition movement, traditionally led by the intelligentsia, after the two heavy blows of 1968 and 1970 was in disarray and silent. Gierek was believed to be an honest and well-intentioned man, and his promises bought him some time. The Nevertheless, the regime of Gierek deemphasized the Marxist ideology and from his time the "communist" governments of Poland concentrated on pragmatic issues and current concerns.As a result of the 1970 worker rebellion food prices remained frozen and were artificially low. He went to Szczecin on 24 January and to Gdańsk the next day, met the workers, apologized for the past mistakes and assured them that as a former worker himself he understood their plight and would now govern Poland for the people. However, it was precisely this external termination that opened the possibility of its rebirth as a myth. Poland was increasingly isolated. 2.8 million Poles returned to Poland after the war from Germany and other parts of Western Europe (out of the total of 3.0–3.5 million war displaced who were present there) and many of them settled in the Recovered Territories. Hardline Stalinists, such as Beginning on 28 June 1956, workers in the industrial city of Realizing the need for new leadership, in what became known as the Poland welcomed Gomułka's rise to power with relief.After the first wave of reform, Gomułka's regime started to move back on their promises. At the same time, the exact boundaries of the former To the southwest, Poland and Czechoslovakia contested In 1922, in the aftermath of the Polish-Soviet War and The Riga arrangement influenced the fate of the entire region for the years to come. In consultations with the disturbed Soviet leaders, they proceeded with arranging the resignation of Gomułka, who was by then stressed out and ill.Another strike in Szczecin broke out on 22 January 1971.

This massive borrowing, estimated to have totaled over 24 billion US (1970s) dollars during Gierek years, was intended to be used for equipment and modernization of Polish industry, and for import of For the next few years, the regime optimistically engaged in reform and experimentation and for the first time many Poles could afford to buy cars, televisions and other luxury items.

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