(a) Concentration profiles for macro- (left three plots) and micro- (right three plots) nutrients from...Figure 2: The use of trace metals in the uptake of light, C, N, and P by marine phytoplankton. These can be used for assessing reserve adequacy from multiple perspectives.
(2017) are shown; these are among the most nearby SLSNe-I ...Figure 7: Far-UV spectra of SLSNe around peak.
The Earth System side of this figure is adapted from the Intergovernmental Panel on ...Figure 2: The similar evolution of world population and the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases over the past 10,000 years strongly suggests that human population is the driver. As a result, marine phytoplankton make use of alternative sources of essential elements ...Figure 1: Profiles of nutrient concentrations in the upper 1,000 m of the tropical South Pacific. Solid and dotted line...Figure 8: Empirical calibrations based on fits to metallicities for samples of Hii regions or galaxies.
I review the accumulated ...Figure 1: A histogram of the luminosity of SLSNe-I, SNe Ic, and SNe-Ic-BL from the Palomar Transient Factory survey with a volumetric correction accounting for the detectability of more luminous event...Figure 2: Prepeak spectra of SLSNe-I during the hot photospheric phase (Section 4.2.1). A series of IMF policy papers (2011, 2013 and 2015) have proposed new analytical frameworks to assess reserve adequacy, supplementing traditional guidance. Their rupture behaviors, magnitude-frequency statistics, and aftershocks are diverse and imperfectly dependent on various factors, such as slab ...Figure 1: Deep earthquakes are the most widely felt earthquakes. The electron temperature is measured using the auroral [Nii] ...Figure 6: (a) UV, (b) optical, and (c) IR pressure and density diagnostics from Kewley (2019). (a) Lobe jet and outer lobes, showing the present outburst and a more ancient one almost perpendic...Figure 2: 22-GHz image of the black hole jet in 3C84 made with the global VLBI network and RadioAstron space VLBI antenna (Giovannini et al.
Adapted from Motesharrei et al. While reserves have these important benefits, they also carry an opportunity costâfrom reserves earning a lower rate of return than could be achieved if the resources were used differently.
Event distribution displays sub-vertical earthquake swarms underneath the Mariana arc system down to 200–300 km depth. They should be modeled bidirectionally coupled, as they are in reality. This paper investigates the impact of international reserves on (i) the likelihood of currency and banking crisis; and (ii) the frequency of liquidity dry-up episodes in FX markets.The dramatic increase in reserves holdings over the past decade has resumed since the global financial crisis, even at an accelerated pace.
The gray-shaded area shows the typical 10th and ...Figure 19: The relationship between L[OIII]/MBH, D(4000), and galaxy lopsidedness (Ai1). Note the prominent undulations. As such, the assessment should be based on the specific characteristics (including economic flexibility and financial integration and maturity) and vulnerabilities.
- AraBlocks/papers The light and dark reactions of photosynthesis are illustrated in black, including the use of Mn in the o...Figure 3: The carbon concentrating mechanism (CCM) of diatoms. Data are...The nuclei of most normal galaxies contain supermassive black holes, which can accrete gas through a disk and become active. Figure 7: Correlation between disk-averaged SFR per unit area and average gas surface density, for 36 IR-selected circumnuclear starbursts. (a) Distribution of deep earthquakes in the Global Centroid Moment Tensor catalog from 1976 to 2019, with red dots showing the deep-focus earthquakes...Figure 4: Deep earthquakes reveal slab complexities. Dissolved Zn (dZn), Co (dCo), and Cd (dCd) and particulate Zn/P (pZn/pP), Co/P (pCo/pP), and Cd/P (pCd/pP) in the upp...Figure 10: Cd, Co, algal pigments, and hard parts as a function of dissolved Zn (dZn) in the upper 1,000 m of GP16. While improvements in the macroprudential framework can help reduce FX reserve needs, Staff argued that the size and wholesale dependence of the Swedish banking system called for such costly self-insurance. The global outbreak continues partly because neither the disease nor its transmission is fully understood.
Zusammenfassung Der am Ende des Jungalgonkiums eingetretenen assyntischen Faltung kommt im Aufbau Europas große Bedeutung zu. The figure shows the Lyman-α transit light curve, where each dat...Figure 8: (a) Variation of the C/O ratio of the gas and solids in a disc due to freeze-out. The fluxes have been normalized to unity at 5500 Å. While other instruments, such as official credit lines and bilateral swap lines, are also external buffers, for most countries they principally act as a complement to their official reserves.
Despite the ongoing debate on reserve issues, there is little consensus about how to assess reserve holdings in different economies, even though this is an important aspect of a member’s external stability assessment. A number of traditional approachesâincluding import and short-term debt coverageâhave been used and remain relevant for particular sets of countries, typically capturing individual risks. They are generally associated with lower crisis risks (crisis prevention) as well as space for authorities to respond to shocks (crisis mitigation).
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